American Redstart

SCI Name:  Setophaga ruticilla
Protonym:  Motacilla ruticilla Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.186
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Parulidae / Setophaga
Taxonomy Code:  amered
Type Locality:  America ; restricted to Virginia by Amer. Ornith. Union, 1910, Check-list North Amer. Birds, ed. 3, p. 326
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

SETOPHAGA
(Parulidae; Ϯ American Redstart S. ruticilla) Gr. σης sēs, σητος sētos  moth; -φαγος -phagos  -eating  < φαγειν phagein  to eat; "G. SETOPHAGA.  Sw. in Zool. Journ. No. 10.    17. Setophaga ruticilla.  Muscicapa ruticilla, Lin. mas.  M. flavicaudæ. Gm. fem. Maritime parts.   18. Setophaga miniata.  Cinereous, breast and body beneath vermilion; tail black, the lateral tail feathers partly white.  Table land: woods of Valadolid; rare, size of the last.   19. Setophaga rubra.  Entirely red, ear feathers of a silky whiteness. Inhabits the same woods, and is of the same size as the last." (Swainson 1827 (May)); "SETOPHAGA.  Rostrum parvum; culmine carinato. Alæ mediocres; remigibus 1^ma et 4^ta æqualibus, 2^da et 3^tia æqualibus, longissimis. Cauda sub-elongata, rotundata. Pedes graciles, tarsis squamis anterioribus divisis, lateralibus integris.  ...  Type. Muscicapa ruticilla. Linn.  ...  It represents, in the new world, the Australian genus Rhipidura" (Swainson 1827 (July)); "Setophaga Swainson, 1827 (May), Philos. Mag., new ser., 1, fasc. 5, p. 368. Type, by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1827 (July), Zool. Journ., 3, p. 360), Motacilla ruticilla Linnaeus." (Lowery & Monroe in Peters 1968, XIV, 33). Doubtless time will soften the dismay of birdwatchers caused by the absorption of Dendroica, Parula and Wilsonia into Setophaga.
Var. Cetophaga.   
Synon. Agreocantor, Azuria, Caeruleocantor, Chloris, Chrysocantor, Compsothlypis, Dendroica, Fruticantor, Lineocantor, Maculocantor, Myioctonus, Myiodioctes, Neodendroica, Parula, Perissoglossa, Piceacantor, Pinacantor, Ruticilla, Sylvania, Sylvicola, Sylviocantor, Sylviparus, Terracantor, Vireocantor, Wilsonia.

ruticilla / ruticillus
Mod. L. ruticilla  redstart  < L. rutilus  red; Mod. L. cilla  tail (see Motacilla). 
● ex “Small Black and Orange-coloured Bird” of Ray 1713, “Serino affinis avicula” of Sloane 1725, “Ruticilla americana. Red-start” of Catesby 1731, and “Small American Redstart” of Edwards 1747 (Setophaga).

Ruticilla
Mod. L. ruticilla  redstart  < L. rutilus  red; Mod. L. cilla  tail (see Motacilla).
• (Muscicapidae; syn. Phoenicurus † Black Redstart P. ochruros gibraltariensis) "VI. G. Rothschwanz. Ruticilla Briss.  Erste Abtheilung. Baumrothschwänze. Ruticillae arboreae.  1. Die Waldrothschwanz, R. sylvestris Br.   2. Der Baumrothschwanz, R. arborea -   3. Der Gartenrothschwanz, R. hortensis -.    Zweyte Abtheilung. Hausrothschwänze. Ruticillae domesticae.   1. Der schwarze Hausrothschwanz, R. atra Br.   2. Der hochköpfige Hausrothschwanz, R. titys -  .   3. Der schwärzliche Hausrothschwanz, R. atrata - .   4. Der südliche Hausrothschwanz. R. gibraltariensis Br." (C. Brehm 1828); "Ruticilla C. Brehm, 1828, Isis von Oken, col. 1280.  Type, by virtual monotypy, R. atrata and R. gibraltariensis Br., i.e. Motacilla gibraltariensis Gmelin, 1789.  The remaining forms mentioned by Brehm are nomina nuda." (JAJ 2021).
• (Muscicapidae; syn. Phoenicurus † Common Redstart P. phoenicurus) "Tree Redstart  Ruticilla arborea, (W.)    Tithys Redstart  Ruticilla tithys, (W.)" (C. T. Woods 1835); "G. RUTICILLA, Ray. - Ficedula, Bechst.; Less., tr. 415. - Phœnicura, Sw., II, p. 240. - Motacilla, L. - Sylvia, Wolf et Mey.    1º R. phœnicura, Bonap., enl. 351, fig. 2. - Motacilla phœnicurus, L., Gm. - Hab. anc. cont., Europe et monts Hymalayas" (Lesson 1840); "Ruticilla Lesson, 1840, Revue Zoologique, III, p. 264. Type, by monotypy, Motacilla phoenicurus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
Var. Rutirilla, Rutisilla.
• (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga † American Redstart S. ruticilla) "*Ruticilla Americana; the redstart." (Bartram 1792); "Ruticilla Bartram, 1792, Travels through Carolina, p. 290.  Type, by monotypy and tautonymy, Ruticilla americana Bartram, 1792 (ex Catesby, 1731) = Motacilla ruticilla Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).