Philippine Hanging-Parrot

SCI Name:  Loriculus philippensis
Protonym:  Psittacus philippensis Natursyst.Suppl. Suppl. p.80
Taxonomy:  Psittaciformes / Psittaculidae / Loriculus
Taxonomy Code:  phihap1
Type Locality:  Philippines, i.e. Luzon, ex Buffon.
Author:  Statius Muller
Publish Year:  1776
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

LORICULUS
(Psittacidae; Ϯ Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot L. galgulus) Dim. < genus Lorius auct. (= Larius Boddaert, 1783 = Eclectus Wagler, 1832), parrot (cf. dim. < genus Lorius Vigors, 1825, lory; dim. L. lorica  breastplate; "uropygio pectoreque coccineis" (Linnaeus 1758)); "No. 1820. LORICULUS ASIATICUS; Psittacus asiaticus, Latham, and Ps. indicus, Gmelin,—both founded on Edwards, pl. 6, which is a good representation. The names, however, are bad, as the race would seem to be wholly confined to Ceylon: while L. vernalis inhabits all India, and the countries bordering the eastern shores of the Bay of Bengal, as far as the Tenasserim provinces where it abounds, and also Java; whereas in the Malayan peninsula there appears only to be L. galgulus.  L. asiaticus differs from L. vernalis in having the crown deep red, passing to a saffron hue on the nape, and in some specimens over much of the back; while the fore-part of the neck is tinged more or less deeply with verditer.  The nearest affinity of these Loricules is with the genus Eclectus; and there are other species in the Philippines and probably the south of China." (Blyth 1849); "Genus. LORICULUS, Blyth.   12. L. GALGULUS (Edwards, pl. 293, f. 2).  ...  Serindak, Sindada, Malacca; Serindit, Sumatra (Raffles)   ...   13. L. VERNALIS (Swainson's Zool. Ill., 2d series, pl. I).  ...  Latkan ('pendent'), Hind., Bengal; Bhorá or Bhoárá, S. India (Jerdon); Kyai-tha-da, Arakan (Phayre); Silindit, and Silinditum, Java (Horsfield)  ...  14. L. ASIATICUS (Edwards, pl. 6)  ...  Pol-Girawa, Cingh." (Blyth 1850); "Loriculus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 19, 1850, p. 236. Type, by monotypy, Psittacus galgulus Linné." (Peters 1937, III, 256); "LORICULUS Blyth, 1849  M— Psittacus galgulus Linnaeus, 1758; type by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 88)." (Dickinson & Remsen (eds.) 2013, 384).
Synon. Coryllis, Licmetulus, Psittaculus.

philippense / philippensis
Philippine Is. (Felipina, an early name (1543) given to the island of Leyte in honour of the Infante Felipe (Philip) of Spain, later Philip II (1527–1598: reigned 1556–1598)).
● ex “Rubetra philippensis major” of Brisson 1760, “Grand traquet des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 185, fig. 2, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Traquet de Manille” of Salerne 1767 (syn. Agropsar philippensis).
● ex “Rasle rayé des Philippines” of Brisson 1760 (Hypotaenidia).
● ex “Petite Grive des Philippines” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Philippine Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Ixos philippinus).
● ex “Perruche des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 520 (Loriculus).
● ex “Bucco philippensis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Megalaima haemacephala).
● (Statius Müller 1776) ex “Merle solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339 (subsp. Monticola solitarius).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Merle solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339 (syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● ex “Pélican des Philippines” of Brisson 1760, and “Philippine Pelican” of Latham 1785 (Pelecanus).
● ex “Merle des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 89 (syn. Pitta sordida).
● Erroneous TL. Philippine Is. (= Cayenne); ex “Cancrophagus philippensis” of Brisson 1760, “Crabier des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 898, “Petit Crabier” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Philippine Heron” of Latham 1785 (syn. Zebrilus undulatus).
● ex “Moucherolle des Philippines” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Philippine Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (philippensis)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis philippensis
philippense / philippensis
Philippine Is. (Felipina, an early name (1543) given to the island of Leyte in honour of the Infante Felipe (Philip) of Spain, later Philip II (1527–1598: reigned 1556–1598)).
● ex “Rubetra philippensis major” of Brisson 1760, “Grand traquet des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 185, fig. 2, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Traquet de Manille” of Salerne 1767 (syn. Agropsar philippensis).
● ex “Rasle rayé des Philippines” of Brisson 1760 (Hypotaenidia).
● ex “Petite Grive des Philippines” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Philippine Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Ixos philippinus).
● ex “Perruche des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 520 (Loriculus).
● ex “Bucco philippensis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Megalaima haemacephala).
● (Statius Müller 1776) ex “Merle solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339 (subsp. Monticola solitarius).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Merle solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339 (syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● ex “Pélican des Philippines” of Brisson 1760, and “Philippine Pelican” of Latham 1785 (Pelecanus).
● ex “Merle des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 89 (syn. Pitta sordida).
● Erroneous TL. Philippine Is. (= Cayenne); ex “Cancrophagus philippensis” of Brisson 1760, “Crabier des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 898, “Petit Crabier” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Philippine Heron” of Latham 1785 (syn. Zebrilus undulatus).
● ex “Moucherolle des Philippines” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Philippine Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (unident.).

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (mindorensis)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis mindorensis
mindorensis
Mindoro, Philippines.

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (bournsi)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis bournsi
bournsi
Dr Frank Swift Bourns (1866-1935) US physician, naturalist, collector, explorer in the Philippines 1887-1888, 1890-1893, and Borneo 1893-1894 (subsp. Loriculus philippensis).

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (regulus)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis regulus
REGULUS
(Regulidae; Ϯ Goldcrest R. regulus) Specific name Motacilla regulus Linnaeus, 1758; "Roitelets . . . Regulus" (Cuvier 1800); "Dans la tradition nordique, le roitelet (le plus petit des oiseaux) est le druide des oiseaux. Ce term de petit roi n'est donc pas une moquerie, il correspond à une vieille tradition celtique. Le première mention de ce mot pour désigner un oiseau remonte au début du XII^e siècle" (Cabard & Chauvet 2003); "Regulus Cuvier, 1800, Leçons Anatomie Comparée, 1, table 2. Type, by monotypy and tautonymy, "Roitelets" = Motacilla regulus Linnaeus." (Watson in Peters 1986, XI, 286). This genus formerly included the reguline leaf-warblers Phylloscopus.
Var. Regillus (L. regillus  royal, regal  < regius  royal).
Synon. Calendula, Corthylio, Ocelletus, Orchilus, Regaliolus, Rex, Senator.
● (syn. Regulus Ϯ Ruby-crowned Kinglet R. calendula) "Regulus BARTRAM, Travels through Carolina, etc., 1791, p.—  ...  Type, Motacilla calendula LINNAEUS ²  (Present designation.)³   ...   ² Seven species of Regulus are enumerated by Bartram in 1791, but only one is technically available as type at this date. This is "R. cristatus alter vertice rubini coloris; the ruby crown wren. (G. Edwards.)", or Motacilla calendula Linnaeus. Edwards figured and described this species from a specimen sent to him by Bartram.   ...   ³ There appear to be excellent generic differences between Motacilla calendula and M. regulus, as long ago recognized by Cabanis, who, in 1853, proposed the name Corthylio for M. calendula. This genus has been recently revived by Mr. Miller (Auk, vol. 32, 1915, pp. 234-236), but from the above reference to Regulus it will be seen that Motacilla regulus is the species to be provided with a generic name." (Richmond 1917). 

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (chrysonotus)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis chrysonotus
chrysonotus
Gr. χρυσονωτος khrusonōtos  golden-backed  < χρυσος khrusos  gold; -νωτος -nōtos  -backed  < νωτον nōton  back.

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (worcesteri)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis worcesteri
worcesteri
Dean Conant Worcester (1866-1924) US botanist, zoologist, explorer, collector, administrator in the Philippines (subsp. Anous minutus, syn. Dicrurus hottentottus cuyensis, subsp. Loriculus philippensis, Turnix).

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (siquijorensis)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis siquijorensis
siquijorensis
Siquijor I., Philippines.

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (apicalis)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis apicalis
apicalis
Mod. L. apicalis  apical, of the tip  < L. apex, apicis  point, extremity.
● "ACANTHIZA APICALIS.  ...  Distinguished from A. Diemenensis, A. pusilla, and A. Ewingii, to all of which it is nearly allied, by its large size, by its larger and rounder tail, by the broad and distinct band of black which crosses the tail-feathers near their extremities, and by their being largely tipped with white." (Gould 1847) (Acanthiza).
● "MOHO APICALIS  ...  I avail myself of the opportunity of characterizing the species, and have assigned to it the name of apicalis, from the circumstance of all but the two middle tail-feathers being tipped with white" (Gould 1861) (‡Moho).
● "MYIARCHUS APICALIS  ...  caudæ nigricantis rectricis externæ pogonio externo et ceterarum apicibus latis flavido-albicantibus" (P. Sclater & Salvin 1881) (Myiarchus). 

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (dohertyi)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis dohertyi
dohertyi
William Doherty (1857-1901) US traveller, explorer, entomologist, ornithologist, collector in India, Burma, Malaysia, the East Indies, the Philippines, New Guinea, and Kenya (syn. Dicrurus hottentottus guillemardi, Edolisoma, Erythropitta, Geokichla, subsp. Gerygone chrysogaster, Heleia, subsp. Loriculus philippensis, syn. Malurus cyanocephalus, syn. Mirafra africana athi, syn. Nigrita canicapillus diabolicus, subsp. Pitohui kirhocephalus, Ptilinopus, syn. Riparia paludicola ducis, syn. Tchagra australis emini, Telophorus).

Philippine Hanging-Parrot (bonapartei)
SCI Name: Loriculus philippensis bonapartei
bonapartei
Jules Laurent Lucien, later called Charles Lucien Jules Laurent 2^nd Prince of Canino and of Musignano and Prince Bonaparte (1803-1857) French ornithologist (syn. Calidris fuscicollis, Coeligena, syn. Diglossa lafresnayii, syn. Emberiza leucocephalos, Gymnobucco, subsp. Loriculus philippensis, Nothocercus, syn. Pheucticus chrysopeplus, subsp. Turdus viscivorus) (see bonapartii).