Japanese Tit

SCI Name:  Parus minor
Protonym:  Parus minor FaunaJap.Aves[Siebold] p. 70
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Paridae / Parus
Taxonomy Code:  gretit4
Type Locality:  Japan.
Author:  Temminck & Schlegel
Publish Year:  1848
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

PARUS
(Paridae; Ϯ Great Tit P. major) Late L. parus  tit, titmouse; a rare word, found only in Carmen de Philomela, by an unknown author (c. 500AD); "100. PARUS.  Rostrum integerrimum.  Lingua truncata, setis terminata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Parus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 189. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, ed. 1, p. 23), Parus major Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters 1967, XII, 70).  Linnaeus's Parus comprised twelve species (P. cristatus, P. major, P. americanus, P. cæruleus, P. ater, P. palustris, P. caudatus, P. biarmicus, P. Pipra, P. erythrocephalus, P. Aureola, P. Cela).
Var. Para, Patus, Parvus.
Synon. Parulus.

parus
Late L. parus  tit, titmouse (cf. par, parum  equal, companion).
● ex “Oranor” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 155 (syn. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus).

minor
L. minor  smaller  < comp. parvus  small. “Comparative names ... Specific names expressive of comparative size are also to be avoided, as they may be rendered inaccurate by the after-discovery of additional species. The names ... maximus, minor, minimus, etc. are examples of this objectionable practice” (Strickland Code 1842).
● ex “Short-eared Owl” of Pennant 1761 (syn. Asio flammeus).
● ex “Little Thrush” of Catesby 1731-1743, Edwards 1758-1764, Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785, “Turdus iliacus carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, and “Grivette de l’Amérique” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Catharus fuscescens).
● ex “Whip-poor-will” of Catesby 1731 (Chordeiles).
● ex “Coucou des palétuviers de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 813, “Petit Vieillard” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Mangrove Cuckow” of Latham 1782 (Coccyzus).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  minor.  12. P. albo nigroque varius vertice rubro, ano albido.  Picus albo nigroque varius, rectricibus tribus lateralibus seminigris. Fn. svec. 83. Hasselqv. iter. 242.  Picus varius tertius. Raj. av. 43.  Picus varius minor. Alb. av. I. p. 20. t. 20.  Habitat in Europa.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Dryobates).
● ex “Fregata minor” of Brisson 1760, “Petite Frégate” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Man of War Bird” of Edwards 1760, and “Lesser Frigate Pelican” of Latham 1785 (Fregata).
● ex “Petit Indicateur” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 242 (Indicator).
● ex “Pie-grièsche d’Italie” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 32, fig. 1 (Lanius).
● ex “Perruche à ailes noires” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite perruche de l’isle de Luçon, 4ème ésp.” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Loriculus philippensis).
● ex “Apiaster Philippensis minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Merops viridis americanus).
● ex “Little Woodcock” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (Microptera).
● ex “Troupiale de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 606, fig. 1, “Petit Troupiale noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Lesser black Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Molothrus ater).
● ex “Lesser Bird of Paradise” of Latham 1783 (Paradisaea).
● ex “Barbican à ventre rose” of Levaillant 1806 (Pogonornis).
● ex “Porphyrio minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Porphyrula martinica).
● ex “Colymbus fluviatilis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Tachybaptus ruficollis).
● ex “Huppe d’Afrique” of Audebert & Vieillot 1800-1802 (syn. Upupa africana).
● ex “Ringvia” of Brünnich 1764, and “Lesser Guillemot” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Uria aalge).

MINO
(Sturnidae; Ϯ Yellow-faced Myna M. dumontii) Hindi name Maina for starlings and mynahs; “Greater Minor” or “Mino” were names given to the Common Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa by Edwards 1743; "Sous-genre MINO, Mino, N. ...  Le sous-genre que MM. L. et G. établissent en conservant l'ancien nom indien de Mino ou de Minor, donné par Edwards et par Marsden au Mainate, diffère du genre Mainatus par quelques caractères assez distincts. Il semble former le passage des genres Mainatus et Pastor par l'intermédiaire du Philedon goulin (Pastor musicus, Temm., ou Gracula calva), qui devra s'y rapporter très-probablement.  ...  Une seule espèce appartient encore à ce sous-genre: c'est le Mino de Dumont (Mino Dumontii, Less.) de la Nouvelle-Guinée." (Lesson 1827); "Mino Lesson, 1827, Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol, (Bull. Univer. Sci. Indus., sec. 2), 10, p. 158. Type, by monotypy, Mino dumontii Lesson." (Amadon in Peters 1962, XV, 115).  
Var. Mina, Minor.
Synon. Eumathes, Melanopyrrhus.

SUBSPECIES

Japanese Tit (Japanese)
SCI Name: Parus minor [minor Group]
PARUS
(Paridae; Ϯ Great Tit P. major) Late L. parus  tit, titmouse; a rare word, found only in Carmen de Philomela, by an unknown author (c. 500AD); "100. PARUS.  Rostrum integerrimum.  Lingua truncata, setis terminata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Parus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 189. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, ed. 1, p. 23), Parus major Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters 1967, XII, 70).  Linnaeus's Parus comprised twelve species (P. cristatus, P. major, P. americanus, P. cæruleus, P. ater, P. palustris, P. caudatus, P. biarmicus, P. Pipra, P. erythrocephalus, P. Aureola, P. Cela).
Var. Para, Patus, Parvus.
Synon. Parulus.

Japanese Tit (commixtus)
SCI Name: Parus minor commixtus
commixtus
L. commixtus mixed together < commiscere to mix up.

Japanese Tit (Amami)
SCI Name: Parus minor amamiensis
amami / amamiensis / amamii
Amami Is., Riu Kiu Is., Japan.

Japanese Tit (Okinawa)
SCI Name: Parus minor okinawae
okinavae / okinavensis / okinawae
Okinawa-jima, Okinawa Group, Ryūkyū Is., Japan.

Japanese Tit (Ishigaki)
SCI Name: Parus minor nigriloris
nigrilora / nigrilore / nigriloris / nigrilorum
L. niger  black; Mod. L. loris  lores  < lorum  lore  < L. lorum  bridle.