Orchard Oriole

SCI Name:  Icterus spurius
Protonym:  O.[riolus] spurius Syst.Nat.ed.12 ed.12 p.162
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Icteridae / Icterus
Taxonomy Code:  orcori
Type Locality:  'in America septentrionali'' ; restricted to South Carolina by Amer. Ornith. Union, 1931, Check-list North Amer. Birds, ed. 4, p. 306.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1766
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

ICTERUS
(Icteridae; Ϯ Venezuelan Troupial I. icterus) L. icterus Golden Oriole < Gr. ικτερος ikteros  yellow bird, perhaps the Golden Oriole, the sight of which was supposed to cure jaundice; "Genus Icteri.(¹) ...  (¹) Icterus, a colore luteo plurimarum hujus generis specierum ...  Le genre du Troupiale.(¹)  ...  (¹) Troupiale, nom qu'on donne en Amérique à quelques especes de ce genre  ...  ICTERUS" (Brisson 1760): based on "Guira-Tangeima Brasiliensibus" of Marcgrave 1648, "Xanthornus major, nigro varius" of Browne 1725, "Pica luteo-nigra varia" of Sloane 1725, and Klein 1750, "Picus major ... nidum suspendens" of Barrére 1741, "Yellow and Black Pye" of Catesby 1731, "Cissa Americana" of Barrère 1745, "Cissa nigra cirrata, cauda lutea" of Linnaeus 1748, and other references; "Icterus Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 30; 2, p. 85. Type, by tautonymy, Icterus Brisson = Oriolus icterus Linnaeus." (Blake in Peters 1968, XIV, 149). The bright-orange Venezuelan Troupial is a declining species, thanks to trapping for the cage-bird market.   
Synon. Andriopsar, Aporophantes, Ateleopsar, Bananivorus, Cassiculoides, Euopsar, Icterioides, Melanopsar, Pendulinus, Poliopsar, Rhyndace, Trupialis, Xanthornus, Yphantes.

icterus
L. icterus Golden Oriole < Gr. ικτερος ikteros yellow bird.
● ex “Troupiale” of Brisson 1760 (Icterus).
● ex “Pie-grièche Blanchot” of Levaillant 1810, pl. 285 (syn. Malaconotus blanchoti).
● Gr. ικτερος ikteros jaundice-yellow (syn. Ochrospiza mozambica).

spurium / spurius
L. spurius  illegitimate, bastard, spurious  < spernere  to reject.
● ex “Basterd Baltimore-Bird” of Catesby 1731, and “Icterus minor spurius” of Brisson 1760 (Icterus).
● “Juvenem credo cujusdam speciei, quem adultum videre nulli adhuc contigit” (Kuhl 1820); the juvenile and adult Red-capped Parrot are so different in plumage as to appear unrelated (Purpureicephalus).

SUBSPECIES

Orchard Oriole (Orchard)
SCI Name: Icterus spurius spurius
spurium / spurius
L. spurius  illegitimate, bastard, spurious  < spernere  to reject.
● ex “Basterd Baltimore-Bird” of Catesby 1731, and “Icterus minor spurius” of Brisson 1760 (Icterus).
● “Juvenem credo cujusdam speciei, quem adultum videre nulli adhuc contigit” (Kuhl 1820); the juvenile and adult Red-capped Parrot are so different in plumage as to appear unrelated (Purpureicephalus).

Orchard Oriole (Fuertes's)
SCI Name: Icterus spurius fuertesi
fuertes / fuertesi
Louis Agassiz Fuertes (1874-1927) US bird artist, explorer, collector (subsp. Buteo jamaicensis, syn. Calandrella blanfordi erlangeri, Hapalopsittaca, Icterus).