Toco Toucan

SCI Name:  Ramphastos toco
Protonym:  Ramphastos Toco Natursyst.Suppl. Suppl. p.82
Taxonomy:  Piciformes / Ramphastidae / Ramphastos
Taxonomy Code:  toctou1
Type Locality:  Cayenne, ex Buffon.
Author:  Statius Muller
Publish Year:  1776
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

RAMPHASTOS
(Ramphastidae; Ϯ Red-billed Toucan R. tucanus) Aldrovandus’ 1599, misspelling “Ramphastos” of Gessner’s 1560, “Ramphestes” (Gr. ῥαμφηστης rhamphēstēs  snouted  < ῥαμφη rhampē  bill) was subsequently adopted by Linnaeus (cf. “Linnaeus calls it Rhamphastos  ...  a broad sword, from the form of its bill” (Pennant 1773)). The huge colourful bills of the toucans appear cumbersome, but are in fact very light, strengthened by a network of bony fibres within the horny shell; "45. RAMPHASTOS.  Rostrum maximum, inane, convexum, extrorsum serratum.  Nares pone maxillas.  Lingua pennacea.  Pedum digiti antici posticique gemini." (Linnaeus 1758); "Ramphastos Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 103. Type, by subsequent designation Ramphastos erythrorhynchus Gmelin = Ramphastos tucanus Linné (Vigors, Zool. Journ., 2, 1826, p. 471.)" (Peters 1948, VI, 82). This is the sixth diagnosed genus in avian taxonomy. Linnaeus's Ramphastos comprised four species (R. piperivorus, R. Tucanus, R. picatus, R. Aracari). 
Var. Ramphastros, Rhamphastos, Rhamphastus, Ramphestes.
Synon. Bucco, Burhynchus, Dinorhamphus, Machlostomus, Ramphodryas, Tucaius, Tucanus.

toco
Güaraní names Tucá or Tucán ?bone-nose, for a toucan; ex “Toucan de Cayenne” or “Toco” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 82, and “Toco” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Ramphastos).

SUBSPECIES

Toco Toucan (toco)
SCI Name: Ramphastos toco toco
toco
Güaraní names Tucá or Tucán ?bone-nose, for a toucan; ex “Toucan de Cayenne” or “Toco” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 82, and “Toco” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Ramphastos).

Toco Toucan (albogularis)
SCI Name: Ramphastos toco albogularis
albogulare / albogularis
L. albus  white; Mod. L. gularis  throated, of the throat  < L. gula  throat.