White-shouldered Antshrike

SCI Name:  Thamnophilus aethiops
Protonym:  Thamnophilus aethiops Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt26 no.351 p.65
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Thamnophilidae / Thamnophilus
Taxonomy Code:  whsant2
Type Locality:  Rio Napo, Ecuador.
Author:  Sclater, PL
Publish Year:  1858
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

THAMNOPHILUS
(Thamnophilidae; Ϯ Barred Antshrike T. doliatus) Gr. θαμνος thamnos  bush; φιλος philos  lover; "BATARA (DE AZARA), Thamnophilus.  Lanius, Turdus, Lin. Gm. Lath.  Bec droit à la base, robuste, convexe en dessus, comprimé latéralement; mandibule supérieure échancrée, ou dentée, et crochue vers le bout; l'inférieure entaillée, aiguë et retroussée à la pointe. — Bouche ciliée. Ailes courtes arrondies.  Esp. Pie-Grièche rayée. — Fourmillier huppé, Buff.   ...   Tamnophilus [ταμνος, frutex, φιλεω, gaudeo]." (Vieillot 1816); "Thamnophilus Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 40. Type, by subsequent designation, Lanius doliatus Linné (Swainson, Zool. Journ., 1, 1824, p. 301)." (Peters 1951, VII, 162).
Var. Thamnoplius, Tamnophilus.   
Synon. Abalius, Erionotus, Rhopochares.

thamnophilus
Gr. θαμνος thamnos  bush; φιλος philos  loving  < φιλεω phileō  to love  < φιλος philos  lover.

aethiops
Gr. Αιθιοψ Aithiops  Ethiopian, negro, blackened  < αιθω aithō  to burn; ωψ ōps, ωπος ōpos  face.
● ex “Coucal Nègre” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 222 (?syn. Centropus menbeki, ?syn. Centropus bernsteini).
● ex “Turdus aethiops” of Lichtenstein MS (Myrmecocichla).

Aethiops
(Estrildidae; syn. Nigrita † Grey-headed Nigrita N. canicapillus) Gr. Αιθιοψ Aithiops  Ethiopian, negro, blackened  < αιθω aithō  to burn; ωψ ōps, ωπος ōpos  face; this bird and its congeners were formerly known as negrofinches; "Genus ÆTHIOPS *, n. g.   Diff. Char.—Beak subconical, slightly emarginate, dilated at the base.   ...   Habitat in Africa occidentali.  Species unica.    ÆTHIOPS CANICAPILLUS.  ...  Obs. This singular generic form is very difficult to classify. The beak is somewhat similar in form to that of a Tanager, but its other characters and the African habitat forbid such a collocation. The beak also exhibits some resemblance to that of Artamus, but the shortness of the wings makes a marked contrast to that genus.   ...   * Aιθιοψ, a negro, in reference to the colour and habitat." (Strickland 1841); "Aethiops Strickland, 1841 (Oct.), Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 9, p. 30 (not Aethiops Martin, 1841 (before Oct.), Gen. Introd. Nat. Hist. Mammif. Anim., pp. 506-508). Type, by monotypy, Aethiops canicapillus Strickland, 1841." (JAJ 2019).

SUBSPECIES

White-shouldered Antshrike (wetmorei)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops wetmorei
wetmorei
Dr Frank Alexander Wetmore (1886-1978) US ornithologist (Ara sp?, subsp. Catharus frantzii, subsp. Chlorospingus flavopectus, ‡Corvus, syn. Habia fuscicauda salvini, subsp. Megascops choliba, ‡Mycteria, syn. Myzomela rubratra major, subsp. Passerculus sandwichensis, syn. Patagioenas inornata, subsp. Phyllomyias zeledoni, subsp. Pycnonotus cafer, Rallus, Tephrophilus, subsp. Thamnophilus aethiops, Theristicus, subsp. Todirostrum cinereum, subsp. Troglodytes rufulus, subsp. Vireo pallens, subsp. Zosterops everetti).

White-shouldered Antshrike (aethiops)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops aethiops
aethiops
Gr. Αιθιοψ Aithiops  Ethiopian, negro, blackened  < αιθω aithō  to burn; ωψ ōps, ωπος ōpos  face.
● ex “Coucal Nègre” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 222 (?syn. Centropus menbeki, ?syn. Centropus bernsteini).
● ex “Turdus aethiops” of Lichtenstein MS (Myrmecocichla).

White-shouldered Antshrike (polionotus)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops polionotus
polionota / polionotum / polionotus
Gr. πολιος polios  grey; -νωτος -nōtos  -backed  < νωτον nōton  back.

White-shouldered Antshrike (kapouni)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops kapouni
kapouni
Fr. Emil Kapoun (fl. 1931) chaplain to Graf von Seilern und Aspang at Lešná Castle, Moravia (Jirí Mlíkovský in litt.)  (subsp. Thamnophilus aethiops). I previously thought that this name and tucinkae, both described by von Seilern und Aspang in the same paper (Verhandlungen der Ornithologischen Gesellschaft in Bayern, 11, 1913), alluded to the names of Amerindian peoples, and I have to thank Jan van der Brugge for pointing me in the right direction (see tucinkae).

White-shouldered Antshrike (juruanus)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops juruanus
juruana / juruanum / juruanus
Rio Juruá, western Brazil.

White-shouldered Antshrike (injunctus)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops injunctus
injunctus
L. iniunctus joined, attached < iniungere to attach.

White-shouldered Antshrike (punctuliger)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops punctuliger
punctuliger / punctuligera / punctuligerus
L. punctulum  small spot  < dim. punctum  spot  < pungere  to puncture; -gera  -bearing  < gerere  to carry.

White-shouldered Antshrike (atriceps)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops atriceps
atriceps
L. ater  black; -ceps  -capped, -headed  < caput, capitis  head.

White-shouldered Antshrike (incertus)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops incertus
incerta / incertum / incertus
L. incertus  uncertain, doubtful  <  in-  not; certus  definite, certain, sure  < cernere  to separate.  Used of species of doubtful status, perhaps because of trivial differences, or of uncertain systematic position.  Some examples are given below.
• "Sp. 54.  Eupetes incertus, nov. sp.  ...  L'apparenza dell' individuo descritto non è quella di un adulto; per le dimensioni si avvicina all' Eupetes leucostictus, Sclat., ma ha il tarso più lungo, il becco più breve, ed un' apparenza tale, per cui non è possibile che sia il giovane di quella specie, tanto più che manca affatto ogni traccia di macchie bianche sulle cuopritrici delle ali e sugli apici delle timoniere.  Inoltre la fascia rossigna obliqua sulla faccia inferiore delle ali, risultante dalle macchie dello stesso colore, poste presso la base delle remiganti, la fanno distinguere da ogni altra specie." (Salvadori 1875) (Amalocichla).
• "135. F.  INCERTA (N.),  P. incertain, chinsoun.   Cette fringille, qu'on ne peut comparer à aucune des précédentes, a le corps svelte, le dos d'un gris verdâtre, la tête obscure, la gorge d'un gris roussâtre, la poitrine et le ventre blancs; les ailes cont noires, bordées de roussâtre, qui forment deux espèces de bandes très légèrement imprimées  ...  App. Octobre.  Séj. De passage.  Dép. Novembre." (Risso 1826) (syn. Carpodacus erythrinus).
• "CARPODACUS  INCERTS, sp. n.   Ad. ♀ .  Closely allied to C. edwardsi, Verr., from N. India and Western China, but differs in having a smaller bill; no pale spotted feathers on the forehead; no very well-marked pale buff superciliary stripe; the under-parts darker brownish-buff; the under tail-coverts similarly coloured, and with dark shaft-stripes.  ...  The only male of this species procured by Mr, Goodfellow is an immature bird in the brown plumage similar to that of the female." (Ogilvie-Grant 1906) (syn. Carpodacus formosanus).
• "200.  Charadrius bicinctus incertus subsp. n.   Western Double-banded Dottrel.  ...  Differs from C. b. bicinctus in having the black band on the breast narrower." (Mathews 1912) (syn. Charadrius bicinctus).
• "1168  Myzomela pectoralis incerta subsp. n.  ...  Queensland Banded Honey Eater.  ...  Differs from M. p. pectoralis in its smaller size: wing 63 mm., typical wing 66-74 mm." (Mathews 1912) (syn. Cissomela pectoralis).
• "3.  Turturœna incerta.   ...   The type specimen is a bird which was alive in the Zoological Society's Gardens; it has a great resemblance to the female of T. iriditorques, but it differs in having the tail entirely slate-black, without any rufous-brown tinge, and with no yellowish-buff band at the tip of the lateral feathers.   Hab. Unknown."  (Salvadori 1893) (syn. Columba iriditorques).
• "Campephaga incerta n. sp.   Zusammen mit Campephaga Boyeri (Puch.) (siehe unten) kommt auf der Insel Jobi, in der Geelvinksbai, eine Form vor, welche sich zwar in ihrem allgemeinen Habitus an manche der überhaupt untereinander sehr nahe verwandten Arten dieser Gattung eng auschliesst, aber mit keiner bekannten genau übereinstimmt und daher vorläufig als neue Art beschrieben werden muss.  Da ich jedoch leider nur ein Exemplar und zwar nur ein Weibchen bei Ansus auf der Insel Jobi im April 1873 erbeutete und daher das ausgefärbte Männchen mir unbekannt geblieben ist, so nenne ich die Art: C. incerta."(Meyer 1874) (Edolisoma).
• "1361.  Munia pectoralis incerta subsp. n.   Northern White-breasted Finch.  ...  Differs from M. p. pectoralis in being brown and not blue-grey above." (Mathews 1912) (syn. Heteromunia pectoralis).
• "Pitohui incertus nov. spec.  ...  These four examples apparently belong to an undescribed species of the genus Pitohui.  They somewhat resemble P. ferrugineus, but they are much duller brown and considerably smaller.  Nos. 38 and 243 seem to be adult birds, nos. 47 and 48 are still young ones." (van Oort 1909) (Pseudorectes).
• "PSITTACUS  INCERTUS.  ...  THE BLUE-GREEN PARROT.  ...  The present species of Parrot does not appear to have been distinctly described by any ornithological writer.  In size it considerably exceeds the Psittacus pullarius of Linnæus, measuring about seven inches in length.  Its general habit is rather distinguished by an appearance of strength than delicacy  ...  This bird is supposed to be a native of India, and was in the possession of Lady Read, with whom it lived during the space of nine years." (Shaw 1807) (syn. Psittinus cyanurus).
• "PROCELLARIA  INCERTA.   Je n'ai pu rapporter cette espèce à aucune de celles décrites jusqu'à ce jour.  Elle paraît être voisine de la Procellaria rostrata de Peale, Cassin, United States Explor., Birds, 1858, p. 412, pl. 41, mais elle a les souscaudales de couleur foncée et non pas blanches, et ses teintes tirent beaucoup moins au brun.  Le prince Bonaparte, en examinant nos individus, y avait mis le nom d'Aestrelata rostrata, mais dans son ouvrage, p. 189, il cite la rostrata comme sous-espèce de moindre taille de la désolata, qui elle-même n'a que la moitié de la taille de notre Procellaria incerta.  Je me suis donc vu dans la nécessité, afin d'éviter des erreurs, de décrire notre oiseau sous une dénomination différente." (Schlegel 1863) (Pterodroma).
• "1184.  Gliciphila albifrons incerta subsp. n.   Victorian White-fronted Honey Eater.  ...  Differs from G. a. albifrons in its darker throat, and larger size." (Mathews 1912) (syn. Purnella albifrons).
• "Sporophila incerta sp. nov.  ...  Similar to Sporophila grisea Gmelin, but larger, darker above, and with the white below more restricted.  ...  I can find no record for Sporophila grisea from Ecuador and while the relationship of the above described specimen would probably be better expressed by a trinomial, I prefer for the present to use a binomial." (Riley 1914) (subsp. Sporophila schistacea).
• "161.  Sterna striata incerta subsp. n.   Australian White-fronted Tern.  ...  Differs from S. s. striata in its slightly smaller size and darker wings.  ...  As Sterna melanorhyncha Gould is preoccupied it becomes necessary to give this bird a new name." (Mathews 1912) (subsp. Sterna striata).
• "Thamnophilus incertus Pelzeln.  (N. 538).  ...  Thamnophilus sp. Natterer Catal. msc.   Hab. Pará.  Feminae Th. polionoti valde similis sed rostro angustiore et gastraeo multo clariore." (von Pelzeln 1869) (subsp. Thamnophilus aethiops).
• "9.  Zosterops incerta, sp. nov.  ...  Secondo lo Sharpe, cui ho inviato alcuni essemplari di questa specie, essa somiglia alla Z. auriventer, Hume, ma ne differisce per avere dimensioni maggiori, il becco molto più grande, ed il colore cenerino dei lati del corpo meno puro.  A me sembra che gl' individui suddetti somiglino molto alla figura ed alla descrizione della Z. ceylonensis (Legge, B. of Ceyl. p. 585, pl. 26, f. 2), che viene considerata come esclusiva di Ceylon!" (Salvadori 1892) (syn. Zosterops salvadorii).

White-shouldered Antshrike (distans)
SCI Name: Thamnophilus aethiops distans
distans
L. distans, distantis  distant, separate, standing apart  < distare  to be apart  < di-  apart; stare  to stand.