Osprey / Pandion haliaetus

Osprey / Pandion haliaetus

Osprey

SCI Name:  Pandion haliaetus
Protonym:  Falco Halioetus Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.91
Taxonomy:  Accipitriformes / Pandionidae /
Taxonomy Code:  osprey
Type Locality:  Europe; restricted to Sweden by Linnaeus, 1761 Fauna Svecica, ed. 2, p. 22.
Author:  
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

PANDION
(Pandionidae; Ϯ Osprey P. haliaetus) In Gr. myth. there were two kings of Athens named Pandion. They were subsequently and frequently confused, but neither was ever metamorphosed into a bird of prey (cf. "Πανδιων, the name of a Greek hero changed into a bird of prey" (Ashmolean 1836)). Pandion I, son of Erichthonius and Pasithea, had two tragic daughters, Philomela and Procne, who were metamorphosed into a nightingale and a swallow respectively (see philomela) (although some authorities believed that they were the daughters of Pandion II). Pandion II, son of Cecrops II and Metiadusa, had four children, one of whom, Nisus of Megara, was transformed into a hawk. This metamorphosis was the one that de Savigny 1809, had in mind when he generically separated the distinctive Osprey. "10. PANDION.  Bec presque droit à la base; cire hispide; narines lunulées, à bord supérieur membraneux: tarses épais, couverts d'écailles imbriquées: ongles très-grands, tous égaux.  ...  ESPÈCE.  17. PANDION fluvialis.  L'Orfraie; improprement le Balbuzard." (de Savigny 1809): based on Tριορχης, Θεοκρανος, Triorches, and Millo or Millio of ancient authors, "Orfraye" or "Offraye" of Belon 1555, "Haliæetus" and, by confusion, "Morphnos" (= Circus) of Gessner 1555, "Balbuzardus" of Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, "Aigle de mer, Haliæetus" of Brisson 1760, Falco Haliaëtus Linnaeus, 1766, "Osprey" of Pennant 1768, and "Balbuzard" of de Buffon 1770-1778; "Pandion Savigny, Descr. Égypte, Ois., 1, 1809, p. 69, 96. Type, by monotypy, Pandion fluvialis Savigny = Falco haliætus Linné." (Peters 1931, 1, 275).
Synon. Balbusardus, Dalcedo, Ichthyaetus, Triorches.

haliaetus
L. haliaetus  sea-eagle, osprey  < Gr. ἁλιαιετος haliaietos  osprey, sea-eagle  < ἁλι- hali-  sea-  < ἁλς hals, ἁλος halos  sea; αετος aetos  eagle.
● "41. FALCO.  ...  Haliætus.  21. F. cera pedibusque cæruleis, corpore supra fusco subtus albo, capite albido. Fn. svec. 57.  Falco cyanopoda. Gesn. av. 74.  Haliætus. Aldr. ornith. l. 2. c. 3.  Morphnos. Aldr. ornith. l. 2. c. 8.  Balbusardus. Will. ornith. 37. t. 6. Raj. av. 16.  Habitat in Europa, humi inter arundinesVictitat piscibus majoribus, Anatibus. Pes sinister subpalmatus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pandion).

HALIAEETUS
(Accipitridae; Ϯ White-tailed Eagle H. albicilla) L. haliaetus or haliaetos  sea-eagle, osprey  < Gr. ἁλιαιετος haliaietos  sea-eagle, osprey  < ἁλι- hali-  sea-  < ἁλς hals, ἁλος halos  sea; αετος aetos  eagle; "6. HALIÆETUS. Bec assez droit à la base; cire convexe; narines lunulées, transverses; tarses épais, écailleux: ongles intérieur et postérieur grands.  ...  GENRE VI, HALIÆETUS.  ...  ESPÈCE.  9. HALIÆETUS Nisus.  L'Aigle de mer." (de Savigny 1809): based on Aλιαιετος, Nisus, and Haliæetos of ancient authors, "Pygargus" and "Albicilla" of Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, and Vultur Albicilla Linnaeus, 1766; "Haliæetus Savigny, Descr. Égypte, Ois., 1809, p. 68, 85. Type, by monotypy, Haliæetus nisus Savigny = Falco albicilla Linné." (Peters, 1931, I, p. 257). 
Var. HaliaeatusHaliaetos, Haliaetus, HaliacetusHalaeetus, Halioetus, Halyaetus, Heliaeetus
Synon. Blagrus, Cuncuma, Ossifraga, Pontoaetus, Thalasoaetus.

SUBSPECIES

Osprey (haliaetus)
SCI Name: Pandion haliaetus haliaetus
haliaetus
L. haliaetus  sea-eagle, osprey  < Gr. ἁλιαιετος haliaietos  osprey, sea-eagle  < ἁλι- hali-  sea-  < ἁλς hals, ἁλος halos  sea; αετος aetos  eagle.
● "41. FALCO.  ...  Haliætus.  21. F. cera pedibusque cæruleis, corpore supra fusco subtus albo, capite albido. Fn. svec. 57.  Falco cyanopoda. Gesn. av. 74.  Haliætus. Aldr. ornith. l. 2. c. 3.  Morphnos. Aldr. ornith. l. 2. c. 8.  Balbusardus. Will. ornith. 37. t. 6. Raj. av. 16.  Habitat in Europa, humi inter arundinesVictitat piscibus majoribus, Anatibus. Pes sinister subpalmatus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pandion).

Osprey (carolinensis)
SCI Name: Pandion haliaetus carolinensis
carolinense / carolinensis / caroliniana / carolinianus / carolinus
Carolina, the Carolinas or Carolina Colonies, North America. Ignoring the indigenous populations, this name was given by early European colonists to the vast swathe of North America between the Atlantic and the Mississippi, north of Spanish Florida and south of Virginia. Named after either Charles IX King of France (1550-1574; reigned 1560-1574) whose name was given in 1564 to the ill-fated Fort de la Caroline in French Florida, or after Charles I King of England (1600-1649; reigned 1625-1649) who granted a charter in 1629 to his attorney-general; the foundered charter was regranted in 1663 by Charles II King of England (1630-1685; reigned 1660-1685).
● ex “American Teal” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (Anas).
● ex “Goat Sucker of Carolina” of Catesby 1731, “Caprimulgus carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, “Engoulevent de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Short-winged Goatsucker” of Pennant 1785 (Antrostomus).
● "44. PSITTACUS.  ...  carolinensis.  8. P. macrourus viridis, capite collo genibusque luteis.  Psittacus carolinensis. Catesb. car. I. p. 11. t. 11.  Habitat in Carolina, Virginia." (Linnaeus 1758) (‡Conuropsis).
● ex “Figuier de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 58, fig. 1, “Olive Warbler” of Pennant 1785, and “Yellow Poll” of Latham 1785 (syn. Dendroica aestiva).
● ex “Cat-Bird” of Catesby 1731 (Dumetella).
● ex “Mauvis de la Caroline” (= ♀) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 556, fig. 2 (Euphagus).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  carolinus.  6. P. pileo nuchaque rubris, dorso fasciis nigris, rectricibus mediis albis nigro punctatis.  Picus ventre rubro. Catesb. car. I. p. 19. t. 19. f. 2.  Habitat in America septentrionaliAni regio rubra punctata." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanerpes).
● ex “Piscator” of Ray 1711, “Fishing Hawk” of Catesby 1731, “Falco piscator Antillarum et Carolinensis” of Brisson 1763 (ex “Pecheur” of Dutertre 1667-1671), and “Faucon pecheur de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (subsp. Pandion haliaetus).
● ex “Charles-town Pelican” of Latham 1785, and Pennant 1785 (subsp. Pelecanus occidentalis).
● ex “Torchepot de la Caroline” of Brisson 1760 (Sitta).
● ex “Great Wren of Carolina” of Bartram 1791 (syn. Thryothorus ludovicianus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 676 (syn. Tyrannus tyrannus).
● ex “Turtle of Carolina” of Catesby 1731 (subsp. Zenaida macroura).

Osprey (ridgwayi)
SCI Name: Pandion haliaetus ridgwayi
ridgway / ridgwayi
Robert Ridgway (1850-1929) US ornithologist, Smithsonian Curator of Birds 1880-1929 (Aegolius, syn. Amazona leucocephala, subsp. Anous stolidus, Antrostomus, subsp. Arremonops rufivirgatus, Baeolophus, syn. Basileuterus culicivorus, Buteo, subsp. Buteogallus urubitinga, subsp. Camptostoma imberbe, subsp. Certhidea fusca, subsp. Chasiempis sandwichensis, subsp. Cochlearius cochlearius, subsp. Colinus virginianus, Cotinga, subsp. Cyanocitta stelleri, subsp. Dendrocincla fuliginosa, syn. Dendrocolaptes certhia concolor, syn. Dryobates scalaris parvus, subsp. Fregata minor, subsp. Geothlypis poliocephalaGlaucidium, subsp. Icterus icterus, subsp. Jacamerops aureus, subsp. Lagopus muta, subsp. Leiothlypis ruficapilla (ex Helmithophaga ruficapilla gutturalis Ridgway, 1874), subsp. Loxigilla noctis, syn. Megascops trichopsis, subsp. Myiobius atricaudus, Nesotriccus, subsp. Pandion haliaetus, syn. Passerella iliaca insularis, subsp. Pheugopedius coraya, Plegadis, subsp. Psarocolius wagleri, subsp. Scardafella squammata, Stelgidopteryx, Thalurania, subsp. Thryorchilus browni, subsp. Xenops genibarbis).

Osprey (Australasian)
SCI Name: Pandion haliaetus cristatus
cristatum / cristatus
L. cristatus  crested, plumed, tufted  < crista  crest, plume, tuft.
● ex “Quauhtzonecolin” of Hernandez 1651, “Coturnix indica” of Ray 1713, and “Caille hupée du Méxique” of Brisson 1760 (Colinus).
ex “Figuier huppé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 391, fig. 1, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Crested Warbler” of Latham 1783 (syn. Colopteryx galeatus).
● ex “Moineau de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 224, fig. 3, “Friquet huppé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-faced Finch” of Latham 1783 (syn. Coryphospingus cucullatus).
● ex “Drongo” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 166 (syn. Dicrurus forficatus).
● "43. LANIUS.  ...  cristatus.  1. L. cauda cuneiformi, capite cristato, corpore rufescente, subtus fulvo fuscoque undulato.  Lanius fulvus cristatus. Edw. av. 54. t. 54.  Habitat in Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758). Edwards' 1747, “Crested Red or Russit Butcher-Bird,” is from a drawing of a dishevelled dead bird shown with a crest (Lanius).
● "100. PARUS.  ...  cristatus.  1. P. capite cristato. Fn. svec. 239.  Parus cristatus. Gesn. av. 642. f. med. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 20. Will. orn. 175. t. 43. Raj. av. 74. n. 6. Alb. av. 2. p. 53. t. 57. f. 2. Frisch. av. . . t. 14. f. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Lophophanes).
● ex "Tangara noir hupé de Cayenne" of Brisson 1760 (Loriotus).
● ex “Hoactzin” of Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, “Crax fuscus mexicanus” of Brisson 1760, “Faisan huppé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 337, “Hoazin” of de Buffon 1770-1782, and “Crested Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (syn. Opisthocomus hoazin).
● "60. TROCHILUS.  ...  cristatus.  17. T. rectirostris viridis, alis fuscis, abdomine cinereo, crista cærulescente.  Mellivora minor cristata. Edw. av. 37. t. 37.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Orthorhyncus).
● ex “Merula Sinensis cristata minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Otocompsa jocosa).
● "87. PAVO.  ...  cristatus.  1. P. capite crista erecta.  Pavo cauda longa. Fn. svec. 163.  Pavo. Gesn. av. 656. Aldr. orn. l. 13. c. 1. Jonst. av. 56. t. 22. Will. orn. 112. t. 27. Raj. av. 51.  Habitat in India orientali, Zeylona.  Mas remigibus primoribus ferrugineis, ejulans, vindicans, superbus, togam dorsalem gemmantibus ocellis, naturæ miraculo pictam erigendamque, tertio anno acquirit, qua nihil pulchrius, sub canicula dejicit. Femina curat pullos in proximas nuptias. Sambucci floribus occiditur." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pavo).
● "68. COLYMBUS.  ...  cristatus.  2. C. pedibus lobato-fissis, capite rufo, collari nigro, remigibus secundariis albis. Fn. svec. 122.  Colymbus major cristatus s. cornutus. Gesn. av. 139. Aldr. ornith. l. 19. c. 52. Will. orn. 257. t. 61. Raj. av. 124. Marsil. danub. 80. t. 38.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Podiceps).
● ex “Cassicus cristatus” of Brisson 1760, “Cassique huppé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 344, and “Crested Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Psarocolius decumanus).
● ex "Pluvier armé du Sénégal" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 800 (syn. Vanellus senegallus).
● "79. CHARADRIUS.  ...  cristatus.  1. C. gula pileo pectoreque nigris, occipite cristato, dorso testaceo, pedibus nigris.  Pluvialis indicus, pectore nigro. Edw. av. 47. t. 47.  Habitat in Persia.  Simillimus est Tringæ Vanello." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Vanellus spinosus).
● ex “Vultur leporarius” of Gessner 1555, and Ray 1713, “Vultur cristatus” of Brisson 1760, “Vautour à aigrettes” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Hare Vulture” of Latham 1781 (unident.).
● see cristata